Stavropol region. An old-geographical area in the Russian Federation found in the main area off Subcaucasia, involving the Kuban River (and Kuban region) to the western, the latest Terek part into the southern area of, the brand new Wear region on the north, new Kalmyk Independent Republic towards northeast, while the lands of Caucasian slope peoples towards the south and you can southwestern. The new Stavropol area essentially matches when you look at the region to your former Stavropol gubernia (within the 18611920 border, 59,five-hundred sq kilometres) additionally the later on Stavropol krai, smaller the fresh new Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,five hundred sq km).
Physical geography. The big portion of the Stavropol region is actually filled by Stavropol Upland; brand new lesser piece has actually components of this new Caspian Lowland on east, new Kuma-Manych Depression from the north, together with hills of Caucasus Slopes from the southwest. New environment of your own Stavropol region try transformation, from temperate continental throughout the west to dryer plus continental regarding eastern. The larger of these include the Yegorlyk (hence streams to the Manych), the brand new Kalaus, the Kuma, and the Kuban and its top tributaries, brand new Velykyi Zelenchuk plus the Malyi Zelenchuk (discover Zelenchuk streams). River-water is utilized to have irrigation. Brief, primarily saline lakes are plentiful; the most significant ‘s the thin but 160-km-a lot of time Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Nevertheless the situated Stavropol region remained sparsely inhabited of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (good Turkic-speaking some one) and Kalmyk individuals (a Mongol-talking group), which to one another numbered on 80,000
Brand new grounds regarding the west and you can main the main Stavropol region are various chernozems and you may chestnut earth; towards eastern and you can northeast it end up being white chestnut. The latest pure vegetation together with transform eastward having declining moisture, away from meadow fescuefeather yard steppe in order to lifeless fescuefeather lawn steppe and semidesert plant life off wormwood, dry fescue, and feather lawn. About a whole lot more moist a portion of the Stavropol Upland plus the newest Caucasus mountain tops brand new pure plant life are tree-steppe which have oak-hornbeam-beech forest. Today the steppe plus the tree-steppe are nearly totally removed to own farming.
Background. Regarding the mid-16th century the new Caucasus and the Stavropol region started initially to been on the exposure to Muscovite colonization. Regarding the 16th and you may seventeenth years Subcaucasia experienced the newest roots out-of Cossack colonization (the Wear Cossacks on western and Terek Cossacks from inside the brand new eastern). Caucasian slope peoples, the fresh Karachai while the Cherkess, lived-in the latest mountain tops of one’s part.
Early in the 18th century the Stavropol area nominally turned an element of the Russian Kingdom. Permanent agreements, however, just weren’t depending before the past quarter of the century, whenever, in 177780, the latest Russian regulators created a line of forts, the brand new Mozdok-Azov line, with headquarters within Stavropol, in order to hold the Caucasian mountain peoples. From the 1785 the Stavropol area molded part of Caucasus oblast, which was redesignated a beneficial gubernia inside 1802. Adopting the several title changes it was designated because the Stavropol gubernia from inside the 1847. Its limitations were fundamentally repaired from inside the 1861, whether or not it is split up out of Terek oblast. In contrast to Kuban oblast and you will Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (because the 1898) was not element of Caucasus krai.
Before 1930s the rencontrez Tadjikistan femmes brand new Stavropol region is actually settled by both Ukrainians and Russians, and you will constituted an integral part of contiguous, albeit blended, Ukrainian ethnographic area
The brand new Russian authorities marketed brand new rapid colonization of the Stavropol area in order to introduce a base getting military tips on the Caucasus. Section of that point are achieved by the brand new granting of choice tracts of land so you’re able to Russian noblemen, whom compensated them with its serfs. A extreme reason for colonization, but not, is actually the latest spontaneous payment by the condition peasants who were unimpeded from the the newest central regulators. In fact the newest imperial regulators legalized extant says to the ukase off 1804 and you may given support to people who had compensated into the the new Stavropol part. Towards the end of your own 1850s the populace away from Stavropol gubernia got risen to 340,000 (5.5 individuals for each and every sq . kilometer). The just city, Stavropol, increased from about 3,000 people into the 1800 to help you 17,600 owners into the 1853. The quintessential densely paid parts had been the new steppes within Yegorlyk additionally the Kalaus streams while the Kalaus River valley. The population out of Stavropol gubernia (and additionally Terek oblast) from inside the 1853 consisted of 48.7 percent Cossacks, thirty two % condition peasants, 16.2 percent nomadic herders, and step three.one percent serfs although some.